Orthopedic Physiotherapy is the specialty of Physiotherapy that deals with the rehabilitation of patients with:-   Various pathologies of bones and muscles.   Surgical cases of Orthopedics. All patients coming in orthopedic department need physiotherapy treatment at one time or the other during the course of their treatment as in case of Frozen shoulder (Adhesive Capsulitis) medicines are going to relieve his pain but the restricted movement can only be restored by the intervention of Physiotherapy. Orthopedic Physiotherapy lays stress on DIAGNOSIS. According to them correct diagnosis will lead to permanent relief from symptoms. For achieving this aim of correct diagnosis, Orthopedic Physiotherapists make use of various specific diagnostic physical tests, investigations like X-ray, CT-scan, MRI, various blood tests etc. Various cases that are dealt in the Orthopedic Physiotherapy department are low back pain, frozen shoulder, sciatica, knee pain, ankle sprain, cervical spondylosis, bicipital tendinitis, tennis elbow and many more   Orthopedic Physiotherapy follows step wise treatment technique. The main priority in the painful conditions is to relieve the pain and associated muscle spasm and this aim is achieved by various modalities like Microwave diathermy, Short wave diathermy, Hydrocollator packs, TENS, IFT, and Phonophoresis by Ultrasound therapy. The next step of treatment after pain and spasm is the restoration of lost or restricted movement. This aim is achieved by:-   Mobilization in the form of compression, distraction, glides, slides, etc.   Exercises in the form of Passive, Assisted, Active and Resisted exercises.   Stretching   Manual therapy techniques like Maitland, Mulligan, Cyriax, Kaltenborn and many more techniques. Various exercise modalities are used for achieving the aim of lost movement like shoulder ladder, multi exercise chair, T-pulley, shoulder wheel, quadriceps table etc. Once movement is restored next step comes the strengthening and this aim is achieved by weight cuffs, dumbells, therabands, gym balls, grip exerciser, ankle exerciser etc. Thus we can see that Orthopedic Physiotherapists follow graded or step wise treatment for all the programs. In some conditions affecting the spine like cervical spondylosis, lumbar spondylosis, sciatica, etc Orthopedic Physiotherapist make use of traction either intermittent or continuous to distract the vertebrae to relieve symptoms and to relax the paraspinal muscles. Some patients present pain at specific pints (Trigger points) as seen mostly in computer operators. In those cases, ortho physiotherapists make use of a modality called LASER. LASER also assists in wound healing, and in fracture healing in cases of non-union. In surgical cases of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Physiotherapy management starts the same day of surgery in form of deep breathing exercises, ankle toe movements, and static quadriceps. Once the weight bearing is permitted, rehabilitations starts first with assisted weight bearing with the help of walkers, frames or crutches and finally progressing to independent walking without use of any aid or with stick. Thus we can see that Orthopedic Physiotherapists plays an essential part in all the orthopedic cases either dealt conservatively or surgically.